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Israel: A reply to Steven Friedman

Mike Berger - Milton Shain
24 November 2009

Mike Berger & Milton Shain caution against the peddling of simple-minded solutions

In a week when Netanyahu's government has decided to build more houses in a disputed section of Jerusalem, one can understand the exasperation of commentators like Steven Friedman (‘Talk Rights, not real estate', Sunday Times, 15 November, 2009).

But in his eagerness to advance his ideological agenda and to squeeze extra mileage out of the apartheid association, Friedman does not so much distort history as to ignore it altogether. Serious scholars talk of "two nationalisms" because that is indeed an important element in the Israel-Palestinian conflict; important but far from the only component.

Jewish nationalism was born and constructed in the nineteenth century out of despair at the failure of Jewish emancipation and burgeoning European antisemitism. It focussed on the historic land of Israel where Judaism was born and where it had maintained a continuous presence over the millennia.

Palestinian nationalism which arose in the inter-war years was an offshoot of an earlier and wider Arab nationalism. Although influenced by cultural diffusion from the West, it has recently become infused with powerful Islamist elements, represented in the rise of Hamas.

But Palestinian nationalism only became a significant factor when it appeared that the Jews had gained a foothold on a small stretch of the vast Arab territories dominated by Western powers in the early years of the twentieth century. In response, regional Palestinian loyalties were elevated to the ranks of a true nationalism to oppose Jewish settlement.

Even so this development was only taken seriously when Arab, not Palestinian, forces failed to dislodge the Jewish state in 1967 from the Middle East. Thus began the potent narrative of "occupation" and human rights taken up by the camp of which Friedman is a representative.

This is not to deny the lived reality in the minds and hearts of a few million Palestinians. They must be accommodated. Since the Oslo process began in the early 1990s, Israel has shown its willingness, albeit erratic, to work towards "two states for two peoples", a pragmatically vague compromise to enable the peoples of the region to get on with normal life - including, contrary to Friedman, economic development and autonomy for the Palestinians.

But this suits neither the extremists of the region nor Western ideologues, and in some cases antisemites, for whom the existence of a Jewish state is anathema. As the military option has failed so far, the diplomatic-economic strategy has come to hold out the best current hope for the elimination of the Jewish state.

Friedman, like Goldstone, is a soldier in the diplomatic-economic project as he admits when he openly advocates the "boycott, disinvestment and sanctions" strategy. That, in a nutshell, is why the Goldstone Report is widely regarded as political document rather than an impartial enquiry. Friedman only confirms what everyone knows, but that will not stop the Report becoming yet another stick to beat Israel with - as evidenced in a recent polemic by Costa Gazi in Politicsweb (24 Nov 2009).

But the crowning act of self-deception comes when Friedman and his supporters hold out the Utopian ideal of a binational state in which Jews will be contented, equal citizens of some democratic paradise. If Friedman knew anything about Jewish memory and self understanding - especially as it evolved in the last two hundred years - he would realize how problematic the notion of a single state is for Israeli Jews. There is a deep yearning for self realization. The same applies to Palestinians.

Put simply, Friedman has a profound misunderstanding of Jewish and Palestinian aspirations. Jews and Arabs/Palestinians have been in conflict for over a hundred years. Many Israeli Jews remember being expelled from Arab countries from the early 1940s. Many remember their families being butchered, just as many Palestinians remember friends being killed and others ending up as refugees in 1948. Two national narratives exist.

None of this seems to enter into Friedman's South African-centric worldview. When reflecting on his single state, he ought to consider the fundamental tenets of Islam, the concepts of the dhimmi and dar al-Islam and the absence of a democratic tradition among Palestinians and indeed the Arab world. In the twenty-first century, pluralism may look enticing from the vantage point of Johannesburg. In the Middle East or in Eastern and Central Europe it is far from evident. In the Arab world it is still an unrealised dream.

Unitary states in seriously divided societies (and who would deny that Israelis and Palestinians are not seriously divided) have failed in Lebanon and Yugoslavia, to name just two recent examples. For Jews, national identity was realised through the Zionist movement and achieved in 1948; for Palestinians, the PLO has carried the dream but the yearning remains unfulfilled. For Zionists, national expression was a renaissance - a ‘return to history' and an opportunity to be actors rather than subjects.

Forged in conflict and suffering, the Jewish national ideal is not something that will be sacrificed to dubious guarantees from the international community. In short, the Jewish state will reject any solution which smacks of self-genocide.

Certainly the ‘settlements' are a problem and the potential (not inevitable) balkanization of a Palestinian state would be messy. But this is precisely what needs to be negotiated. There is evidence of an economic revival in the West Bank and any advance towards compromise and reconciliation must go hand-in-hand with the promotion of economic prosperity and democratic norms.

The dream of a constitutional single state in Israel-Palestine, however pleasing in theory, simply ignores basic realities and visions. Put simply, the ‘negotiated revolution' in South Africa is precisely a lesson in differences. To continue to promote the unrealisable over practical measures to restore peace and human dignity to a conflict-ridden region, is to perpetuate the abuse of human rights which so concern Friedman and all those hoping for a better world.

Michael Berger is a retired Professor of Chemical Pathology and Professor Milton Shain is the Director of the Kaplan Centre for Jewish Studies at the University of Cape Town.

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Forged in conflict and suffering, the Jewish national ideal is not something that will be sacrificed to dubious guarantees from the international community. In short, the Jewish state will reject any solution which smacks of self-genocide."
 

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 responses to this article

Aaah, I recall a time....

It is quite amazing.... I recall a time when people warned against simple-minded solutions in South Africa. However, the White Left condemned them as racist Neanderthals for that warning, and the simple-minded solution of ANC takes all in unitary . .more

by JVR on November 24 2009, 17:46
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The difference between rights and aspirations!
Wise men have said that perceived rights, comprising people's deepest need, i.e. security defined as freedom from fear, are not negotiable and cannot be compromised. When such rights are violated, the victims and previously impartial third parties join . .more

by Siegfried Hannig on November 25 2009, 03:45
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Bloodshed or abuse of power: Which is the lesser evil?
By prematurely surrendering to "majority rule" white South Africans spared their country the alternative of horrific bloodshed. That's why Heribert Adam suggested that Israelis and Palestinians should be "Seeking Mandela".

But no Constitution . .more

by Siegfried Hannig on November 25 2009, 05:45
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Are you a Zionist mouthpiece
Why doesn't Moneyweb publish the original article by Steven Friedman? Or even ask him and other non-Zionists to contribute once in a while. Do you assume that all of your reader support Israel and it's inhumane treatment of the Palestinians? Some of us . .more

by David on November 25 2009, 08:10
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friedman
good article. but Steven has developed a grotesquely large ego over the years, so I doubt he reads the opinions of lesser mortals.

by witbooi on November 25 2009, 08:25
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The SA experience......
is well-summarised above by Siegfried Hannig, and the Israelis are well-advised to take note of it.

The Israelis should avoid the one-state solution at all costs!

by mpho on November 25 2009, 09:24
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Israel-Palestine
Profs Berger and Shain should know better than tout their "simple-minded" argument that conflict between Israeli and Palestinian nationalisms is inevitable and unfixable. Huntingdon's "clash of civilisations" thesis is thoroughly discredited. Israel is . .more

by Terry Crawford-Browne on November 25 2009, 09:42
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International Law
Please can someone explain to me in terms of International Law , the justification for a people ( not really sure who they are ) to return to a geographic area 2000 years later and claim to be it's rightful owners ?????

I am not sure I . .more

by Bibliophile on November 25 2009, 09:51
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israel/palestine
Can someone explain to me why there was no intifada by palestinians against Jordan ( west bank ) and Egypt ( gaza ) prior to 1967 when these territories were occupied by these countries. Where was a Palestinian state then ? Did not exist! The fact is . .more

by henry on November 25 2009, 11:10
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Things do not have to be this way
You are saying that we should not ask Jews to accept a unitary state because... they want their racially-based state and it is unrealistic to ask them to give it up? Not much of an argument. History is replete with instances of large-scale norm changes, . .more

by Mani on November 25 2009, 11:28
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Things do not have to be this way
You are saying that we should not ask Jews to accept a unitary state because... they want their racially-based state and it is unrealistic to ask them to give it up? Not much of an argument. History is replete with instances of large-scale norm changes, . .more

by Mani on November 25 2009, 11:29
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jews all the same
Jews controll the american economy, hollywood, etc and if you speak the truth, i.e Goldstein Report, one is called Anti-semitic.


by bob on November 25 2009, 11:38
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@Bob
Hey Bob, you sure your name isnt actually Billy Bob. Ooops, you dropped your white hood, LOL.

by Funny on November 25 2009, 12:46
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occupation is morally wrong despite your edifications profs
Israels continued occupation and not allowing medicines and basic food is reprehensable, mostly funded by American Tax payers .

by support for victims of Gaza on November 25 2009, 14:00
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Shain and Berger
Shain and Berger should actually stick to their fields of expertise. It is so obvious that they are not well-read iin the history of the Middle East or Arab and Palestinian Nationational movements.




by Amira on November 25 2009, 14:18
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Israel: A reply to Steven Friedman
I challenge Steven Friedman to comment on the text books in Palestinian schools. If you teach your children in school that your neighbour does not exist as well as other hateful propaganda, why negotiate for a settlement if the only settlement in the . .more

by Willie Paterson on November 25 2009, 15:17
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Some brief responses to comments so far.
David - I suppose if Friedman submitted his artilce to PoliticsWeb they would publish it. The Sunday Times refused to publish our response. Draw your own conclusions.
Terry: Where did we call Goldstone a "self-hating Jew"? Most of your purported . .more

by Mike Berger on November 25 2009, 15:27
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wealthy lobby group in the Capitalist capitol of the world
The American Israel lobby is among the most powerful of lobbyists in D.C. The idea of rights and freedoms is just a caveat to appease the conscience, always. The drive is always about keeping the wealth contained within certain layers of society, keeping . .more

by Ekenj on November 25 2009, 16:46
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Hey, you have it all wrong!
There is nothing like Jew vs. Arab in todays modern society. What it is primarily all about, is domination for future oil reserves in the eastern Med. region. Secondary, it is a part of the world where the major powers can keep their war machines well . .more

by Compadre on November 25 2009, 16:54
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@Ekenj
Ekenj had one nugget amongst all the dirt that he wrote: the two sides both have a claim to the land. Most moderate Israelis and Palestinians accept this, and accept the need for a 2 state solution but extremists (such as Hamas) refuse to countenace this. . .more

by Compromise the only way on November 25 2009, 17:02
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israel/palestine
Let me try again as nobody can answer my question. Have tried asking all sorts of pro palestine lobbiests and never a direct answer - only the normal occupation by zionists drivel.

Why was there no uprising or intifafada against Egypt and Jordan . .more

by henry on November 25 2009, 17:14
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The Hard Left is finding a new target...


Ooh!! I see Terry Crawford-Browne came out swinging!! He writes above

"[Israel-Palestine] is an apartheid state on a scale that far eclipses either "petty apartheid" or the "grand apartheid" madness of the bantustans."

Phew. . .more

by JVR on November 25 2009, 17:19
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And Willie Paterson....
.... Anglos in South Africa have been arguing for ages that Afrikaans is a creole language and therefor Afrikaners cannot exist, or at least, is a mal-formed ethnicity. Hence the ease with which they impose the English solution, and the verve which which . .more

by JVR on November 25 2009, 17:24
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The perfect jumping ground for this antisemite! As usual it is also a perfect ground
to rewrite history instead of reading it. Where exactly you get that "..the international community ... betrayed its "sacred trust" obligations to the Palestinians". Have you read abut the Balfour Declaration and the British Mandate given to establish a . .more

by @ Terry the Antisemite on November 25 2009, 17:28
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friedman
Nothing so sickening as these left wing Jewish politically correct at all times commentators like the Friedmans of the world that sit in their ivory towers passing judgement on the mr. average of the world. No doubt - Friedman's popularity will be secured . .more

by realist on November 25 2009, 18:59
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Israel-Palestine
Mike: Last week I witnessed the demolition of houses in Beit Hanina and Al Isawiya in East Jerusalem, and for the past month I have witnessed the eviction by Israeli settlers of Palestinians from their homes in Sheik Jarrah. About 20 000 houses in East . .more

by Terry Crawford-Browne on November 25 2009, 21:34
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The World of JVR
In JVR we hear the whimper of failed Afrikaaner nationalism.

Maybe JVR was a bit young at the time and can't really be blamed for his ignorance of pre-democracy South African history, or perhaps he is concerned about the 'apartheid' privileges . .more

by Tom on November 25 2009, 21:48
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.... and in Tom we see....
... the continuation of Colonialism.

It is a real pity Tom, that English Males such as yourself have been reduced to the lowly act of picking off Isreali targets in the press, when at one point you ruled the waves. This loss of English vigour . .more

by JVR on November 25 2009, 23:02
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1967
@Henry
"Why was there no uprising or intifafada against Egypt and Jordan . .more prior to 1967 when these two countries occupied the current Gaza and West Bank? Please somebody - answer me. Otherwise - I have to conclude that it is ok for the . .more

by Bibliophile on November 26 2009, 09:42
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bibliophile
so then it is not a land issue

by henry on November 26 2009, 11:16
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JVR and the Land of Nod
JVR - we live on the third rock from the Sun (called Earth by us). Where do you live?
Does the moon shine during your dark time; is the sky blue?

The discussion here is about contemporary events in Israel/Gaza/Palestine, and not about . .more

by Tom on November 26 2009, 11:19
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Terry Crawford-Browne
Moral fervour is indeed an intoxicating drug but that does not entitle you to select, distort or invent facts. The numbers and facts you quote with such abandon are of the same reliability as your accusation that we called Goldstone a "self-hating Jew" - . .more

by Mike Berger on November 26 2009, 13:37
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Watch out for a reasonable Inquisitor!!

Tom --

How do they say, watch out for a reasonable Inquisitor! He is by far the most expert at finding witches and burning them. Now did I tell you that I have a mole on my P****?

To be more serious, historical events in SA are . .more

by JVR on November 26 2009, 17:09
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JVR. I have never burnt a witch I didn't detest ;-)
OK we are in basic agreement. What is practiced in Israel (that is Israel proper, the West Bank, and Gaza) is similar to the old South Africa. How do I know this? Well firstly I lived in South Africa through the 40's. 50's. 60's, and 70's - and then . .more

by Tom on November 26 2009, 19:11
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A final comment, Tom...

Good Post Tom -- one final comment:

If I could choose, I would rather be unenlightened and alive, than be enlightened and dead. If you do not believe me, then ask the survivors of torture in the many farm attacks. Far more Boers have . .more

by JVR on November 26 2009, 20:37
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Farm attacks
Tom. I agree that attacks on farmers are unacceptable. I am not anti-boer - just anti-racist. The irony of South Africa is that the apartheid system was started by the British - the boers just institutionalized it.
The real irony of the farm . .more

by Tom on November 26 2009, 22:11
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Read more, Tom!
Tom,

No-one deserves it (being murdered). [As an aside, I am sure you are against the death penalty for almost any deed -- well, except for Boers, then the death penalty can be imposed without due process, even].

And you are completely . .more

by JVR on November 27 2009, 00:50
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Israel-Palestine
Mike: The EU is pouring funds into the PA which is nothing less than a "toy telephone." It has produced a skewed economy with massive corruption, but a 7% growth rate has not reduced unemployment or poverty. The per capita income in Palestine of US$1 . .more

by Terry Crawford-Browne on November 27 2009, 08:26
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You have me completely wrong JVR
I agree with you. No-one, including farmers, deserves to be murdered (I used the word "unacceptable" in my last mail, perhaps you missed it). I am definitely NOT against boers or farmers - white or black. I am also against the death penalty because it is . .more

by Tom on November 27 2009, 21:04
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Terry Crawford-Browne
I'm taking the trouble to respond because you and your tactics need to be exposed. In your first letter you accuse Shain and myself of calling Goldstone a "self-hating Jew". This was false and I challenged you to substantiate it. I also said that since . .more

by Mike Berger on November 28 2009, 20:48
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Beyond Terry...
Besides his repeated false accusations directed at Shain and myself regarding Goldstone, Terry throws out "facts" which we are invited to believe. One of them is that Israel is trying to impoverish and humiliate the Palestinians in support of which he . .more

by Mike Berger on November 28 2009, 21:42
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Terry Crawford-Browne and his addiction .....
How many know that Crawford-Browne, born in Ireland and grew up in Libya. Currently with the World Council of Churches (WCC) group in the West Bank who are well known for their anti-Israel rhetoric and agenda. Whilst he writes that he meets with Israelis, . .more

by Lawrence Shipton-Jones on November 29 2009, 14:31
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Tom , the latest apologist...
... for the killings of white farmers in SA is no-one else than our former president. This is why our exchange is relevant in the context of TCB's letter and the response above by Berger and Shain.

There are (and this is unique to Westerners) a . .more

by JVR on November 30 2009, 18:56
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